TPU Ihe - Nyocha zuru oke

Matte gbanwetụrụ TPU

Gịnị bụ TPU

TPU bụ thermoplastic polyurethane, ụdị polyurethane nke nwere ike ikpo ọkụ na ịkpụzi, na agbaze na ihe mgbaze. E jiri ya tụnyere polyurethane agwakọtara na nkedo. polyurethane na-ekpo ọkụ nwere obere njikọ ma ọ bụ enweghị kemịkalụ n'usoro kemịkalụ ya, ụmụ irighiri ihe ya na-adaberekwa n'ahịrị, mana enwere mgbanwe ụfọdụ nke anụ ahụ.

Echiche nke mgbanwe anụ ahụ bụ nke mbụ Schollenberge CS tụpụtara na 1958, nke na-ezo aka na "njikọ njikọ" n'etiti eriri molecular polyurethane linear bụ nke na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na ihe mgbaze. Ọ bụghị n'ezie njikọ njikọ kemịkalụ, mana ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke njikọ njikọ kemikal. N'ihi mmetụta nke mgbanwe anụ ahụ a, polyurethane na-emepụta usoro ihe ọmụmụ morphology multiphase, na njikọ hydrogen nke polyurethane na-eme ka ọdịdị ya dịkwuo elu ma mee ka ọ na-eguzogide ọgwụ dị elu.

Nkewa nke TPU

Ugbu a anyị maara ihe TPU bụ, gịnị bụ nhazi ọkwa ya? Dabere na ụkpụrụ nhazi ọkwa dị iche iche, TPU ihe nwere ike inwe ọtụtụ ọkwa dị iche iche.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka nhazi akụkụ dị nro, enwere ike kewaa ha n'ụdị polyester, ụdị polyether, na ụdị butadiene, nke nwere ester, ether, ma ọ bụ butene otu, n'otu n'otu. Dị ka usoro akụkụ siri ike si dị, enwere ike kewaa ha n'ụdị urethane na urethane urea, nke a na-enweta site na diol chain extender ma ọ bụ diamine chain extender, n'otu n'otu. Nkewa nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-ekewa n'ime ụdị polyester na ụdị polyether.

Dị ka ma enwere njikọ njikọ, enwere ike kewaa ya na thermoplastic dị ọcha na ọkara-thermoplastic. Nke mbụ bụ usoro ahịrị ahịrị dị ọcha na-enweghị njikọ njikọta, ebe nke ikpeazụ nwere obere njikọ njikọ dị ka urethane methacrylate. Dị ka iji ngwaahịa emechara, ọ nwere ike kewaa n'ime akụkụ pụrụ iche (akụkụ dị iche iche nke ígwè ọrụ), ọkpọkọ (ọbọ, profaịlụ mkpanaka), ihe nkiri (ibé akwụkwọ, efere dị mkpa), yana adhesives, mkpuchi, eriri, wdg.

Kedu ka TPU Achịkọtara

TPU, site na usoro ihe owuwu molekul, bụ nke polyurethane. Yabụ kedu ka esi ahazi ya?

Dị ka usoro nhazi dị iche iche si dị, a na-ekewa ya na nnukwu polymerization na ngwọta polymerization.

Mmeghachi omume iji guzobe otu aminoester
Mmeghachi omume iji guzobe otu aminoester

 Na nnukwu polymerization, enwere ike kewaa ya na pre-polymerization na otu nzọụkwụ dabere na ma enwere mmeghachi omume.

  • Pre-polymerization gụnyere iji diol dị arọ dị elu meghachi omume diisocyanate ruo oge ụfọdụ, wee gbakwụnye agbụ ígwè iji mepụta. TPU.
  • Otu nzọụkwụ na-agụnye ịgwakọta diol dị arọ molekụla dị elu, diisocyanate, na yinye ihe ndọtị ọnụ iji meghachi omume na imepụta. TPU.

Ngwọta polymerization gụnyere igbari diisocyanate n'ime ihe mgbaze, na-agbakwunye diol dị arọ dị elu iji meghachi omume ruo oge ụfọdụ, na n'ikpeazụ na-agbakwụnye ihe ndọtị iji mepụta. TPU.

Ofdị TPU akụkụ dị nro, ịdị arọ molekụla, ọdịnaya nke akụkụ siri ike ma ọ bụ dị nro, na TPU mkpokọta steeti ga-emetụta njupụta nke TPU, nke dị n'etiti 1.10 na 1.25, na-enweghị nnukwu ọdịiche dị na rọba na plastik ndị ọzọ.

N'otu ike ahụ, njupụta nke polyether TPU dị ala karịa nke polyester TPU.

Kedu ka TPU ihe edoziri

TPU ihe na-esichara site dị iche iche ụzọ na-etolite ikpeazụ ngwaahịa mgbe njikọ nke TPU particles.The isi ụzọ eji maka TPU nhazi bụ nhazi agbaze na nhazi ngwọta.

Ngwa nke TPU encapsulation na mpụta shei nke eletriki ngwaọrụ.
Ngwa nke TPU encapsulation na mpụta shei nke eletriki ngwaọrụ.

A na-ejikarị usoro ịgbaze agbaze eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ rọba: dị ka ịgwakọta, calendering, extrusion, ịkpụzi ihe, na ịkpụzi (gụnyere ntụtụ, mkpakọ, nnyefe, na ịkpụzi centrifugal). Nhazi ngwọta na-agụnye igbari irighiri ahụ na ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ na-eme ka ha na-eme ihe ozugbo na ihe mgbaze iji mepụta ngwọta, nke a na-ekpuchi ma ọ bụ na-agbakọta.

TPU adịghị achọ vulcanization cross-linking mmeghachi omume iji mepụta ngwaahịa ikpeazụ, nke nwere ike ime ka usoro mmepụta ahụ dị mkpụmkpụ, na ihe mkpofu nwere ike ịmegharị ma jiri ya mee ihe.

Arụmọrụ nke TPU ihe onwunwe

A na-ejikarị ihe eji eme ihe n'ihi na ọ nwere arụmọrụ dị mma, na TPU abụghị ihe ọzọ. Dị ka nkedo polyurethane (mmiri mmiri) na polyurethane agwakọtara ( siri ike), TPU nwere modul dị elu, ike dị elu, elu elongation, elu elasticity, magburu onwe iyi na-eguzogide, mmanụ na-eguzogide, obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, na ịka nká. N'ime ha, ike tensile dị elu, nnukwu elongation, na obere mkpakọ ogologo oge na-adịgide adịgide ọnụego bụ uru dị ịrịba ama nke TPU.

PECOAT® nwere ike ịfụfụ TPU.
PECOAT® nwere ike ịfụfụ TPU.

Njirimara igwe nke TPU a ga-akọwa nke ọma site n'akụkụ nke ike nkwụsị, elongation, resilience, and hardness.

1.High ike ike na nnukwu elongation

TPU nwere magburu onwe tensile ike na elongation. Site na data dị na foto dị n'okpuru ebe a, anyị nwere ike ịhụ na ike nkwụsị na elongation nke polyether TPU dị nnọọ elu karịa PVC plastik na roba.

Tụnyere ike tensile nke TPU na ihe ndị ọzọ
Tụnyere ike tensile nke TPU na ihe ndị ọzọ

Na mgbakwunye, TPU nwere ike izute ihe ndị a chọrọ nke ụlọ ọrụ nri na-enweghị ma ọ bụ nwere ihe mgbakwunye ole na ole n'oge nhazi, nke siri ike maka ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka PVC na roba iji nweta.

2.Resilience dị nnọọ nro na okpomọkụ

The resilience nke TPU na-ezo aka n'ókè nke na-alaghachi ngwa ngwa n'ọnọdụ mbụ ya mgbe a tọhapụrụ nrụgide nrụrụ ahụ, nke a na-egosipụta site na ike mgbake, ya bụ, oke nke nrụrụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ achọrọ iji mepụta nrụrụ ahụ. Ọ bụ ọrụ nke modul dị ike na esemokwu dị n'ime nke ahụ na-agbanwe, ma na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na okpomọkụ.

Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okpomọkụ na resilience nke TPU
Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okpomọkụ na resilience nke TPU

Akụkụ dị nro nke TPU bụ PTMG, PCL, na PBA, nwere ihe dị arọ nke 1000 na 2000, n'otu n'otu; akụkụ siri ike bụ MDI-BDO, yana ọdịnaya nke akụkụ siri ike nke 48.2% (PCL-1250 bụ 42.7%) na 31.7%, na r0 = 1.05 prepolymer njikọ.

Dị ka a na-atụ anya ya, nkwụghachi na-ebelata na okpomọkụ na-ebelata ruo mgbe ụfọdụ okpomọkụ, na ngbanwe na-abawanye ngwa ngwa. Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ a bụ akụkụ dị nro crystallization okpomọkụ, nke a na-ekpebi site na nhazi nke macromolecular diol ma dị ala maka polyether. TPU karịa maka polyester TPU. N'ebe okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru okpomọkụ crystallization, ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na-esiwanye ike ma na-efunahụ ya, ya mere nkwụghachi dị ka nlọghachi site na elu ígwè siri ike.

3.Hardness nso bụ Shore A60 ~ D80

Isi ike bụ ihe na-egosi ike ihe nwere ike iguzogide nrụrụ, ncha, na abrasions.

TPU A na-atụkarị ike ike site na iji Shore A na Shore D hardness testers, nke ejiri Shore A mee ihe dị nro TPU na Shore D ejiri mee ihe siri ike TPU.

Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Shore A na Shore D
Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Shore A na Shore D

N'ihi na ike nke TPU enwere ike idozi ya site n'ịgbanwe nha nke akụkụ dị nro na nke siri ike, TPU nwere oke ike siri ike dịtụ obosara, yana oke ike nke Shore A60 ~ D80, na-agbasa ike nke rọba na rọba, yana ngbanwe dị elu n'ogologo ike niile.

Na mgbanwe na ekweghị ekwe, ụfọdụ Njirimara nke TPU ga-agbanwe. Dị ka ihe atụ, na-amụba ike nke TPU ga-eme ka ụbara modul tensile na ike dọkasị anya, ịba ụba siri ike na nrụgide nrụgide (ikike ibu), mbelata elongation na nkwụsịtụ, ụbara njupụta na mmepụta okpomọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, na mmụba gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ojiji nke TPU

Na 1958, ụlọ ọrụ America Goodrich Chemicals (nke a na-akpọ ugbu a dị ka Lubrizol) debara aha mbụ. TPU ika aha Estane, na kemgbe ahụ, ihe karịrị 20 ika aha nke TPU apụtala n'ụwa niile n'ime afọ 40 gara aga, yana ọtụtụ usoro ngwaahịa maka ụdị ọ bụla. Dị ka elastomer na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, TPU nwere ngwa ngwa ngwa dị iche iche nke ala, a na-ejikwa ya na ihe ndị dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị, akụrụngwa egwuregwu, ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ihe ịchọ mma na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Nke a bụ ọmụmaatụ ole na ole:

1. Akpụkpọ ụkwụ

TPU na-eji akpụkpọ ụkwụ tumadi n'ihi na ya magburu onwe elasticity na eyi iguzogide. Ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwere TPU dị nnọọ mma na-eyi karịa ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ nkịtị, ya mere a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị elu, karịsịa na ụfọdụ egwuregwu na akpụkpọ ụkwụ nkịtị.

TPU maka akpụkpọ ụkwụ midsole
TPU maka akpụkpọ ụkwụ midsole

2. Hoses

TPU A na-eji hoses eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na China dị ka gas na mmanụ mmanụ maka ụgbọ elu, tankị, ụgbọ ala, ọgba tum tum, ngwá ọrụ igwe, na ngwá ọrụ ndị ọzọ n'ihi mgbanwe ha, ike ike dị mma, nkwụsi ike mmetụta, na elu na obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide.

3. Gịnị

TPU na-enye nkwụsi ike na-adọka, na-eyi nkwụsi ike, na àgwà na-ehulata, na elu na obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide bụ isi ihe na-arụ ọrụ USB. Ya mere, n'ahịa ndị China, TPU a na-eji eriri ndị dị elu dị ka eriri njikwa na eriri ọkụ iji kpuchido ihe mkpuchi nke atụmatụ eriri mgbagwoju anya, na ojiji ya na-aghọwanye ebe niile.

4. Ngwa ahụike

TPU bụ nchekwa, kwụsiri ike na nke dị elu PVC dochie ihe na-enweghị kemịkalụ na-emerụ ahụ dị ka phthalates, na anaghị emepụta mmetụta mgbe a na-ebufe ya na ọbara ma ọ bụ mmiri ndị ọzọ na catheters ọgwụ ma ọ bụ akpa ahụike. Ọpụrụiche mepụtara extrusion na ọkwa injection TPU enwere ike iji ya mee ihe n'ụzọ dị mfe PVC akụrụngwa nwere obere mgbanwe.

TPU maka nkwado ahụike
TPU maka nkwado ahụike

 

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